THE GIST
- Jumbled blocks of ice on the surface of Europa likely formed by melting action beneath.
- Studies show Jupiter's moon could have numerous large lakes beneath its icy shell, providing a habitat for life.
- Research also explains how nutrients and energy could get from the moon's surface to its buried ocean.
New research shows the jumbled ice blocks crowning the surface of Jupiter's icy moon Europa are signs of a large liquid lake the volume of the North American Great Lakes just below the surface, a key finding in the search for places where life might exist beyond Earth.
Drawing from studies of underground volcanoes in Iceland and Antarctica, scientists ran computer models to see if the chaotic formations on Europa's surface could be explained by the same geologic processes seen on Earth.
"We looked at melt underneath the ice and the fracture and collapse of ice shelves," Britney Schmidt, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Texas at Austin's Institute for Geophysics, told Discovery News.
The vigorous mixing of ice and water provides one mechanism for nutrients and energy to get from the frozen surface to the ocean below.
"It's exciting for biology," Schmidt said.
A mission to Europa is second on planetary scientists' wish list after a sample return mission from Mars.
"Europa is likely to have a deep ocean of liquid water beneath its icy crust, making it an object of enormous interest as a possible abode for life," planetary scientist Steve Squyres, with Cornell University, testified at a Congressional hearing this week.
Schmidt's research will be published in a future issue of Nature and appears on the publication's website Wednesday.
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